People are always going to take offense to something as arbitrary as describing the degree of melanin in your skin as a colour, the world is a crazy place.fair, tan, brown or dark complexion. You could add 'very' or 'light' e.g. 'light brown' or 'very fair', if the person has a noticeably striking skin tone. White and black work, but I suppose that could also an ethnic or cultural identity. E.g. Some Indians or Sri-Lankans aren't 'black', but their skin is darker than many black people. As a South African, you're aware of the term 'coloured', which refers to mixed race and plenty of coloured people are fairer than most caucasians or darker than many blacks. Don't take it too seriously, they're all misnomers anyway (blacks aren't technically black and whites aren't actually white, my bedsheets are white). I'd just use fair/light, tanned or dark, with the adverb 'very', as you've got more versatility in actually describing the complexion.
Just make sure your unconscious bias doesn't take over and you end up making the majority of the suspects of the darker skinned variety